{"id":9871,"date":"2026-02-24T15:11:46","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:11:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/standard\/astm-d689-2\/"},"modified":"2026-04-16T09:53:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T01:53:21","slug":"astm-d689","status":"publish","type":"standard","link":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/cs\/standard\/astm-d689\/","title":{"rendered":"ASTM D689"},"content":{"rendered":"

Porozum\u011bn\u00ed norm\u011b ASTM D689<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Norma ASTM D689 definuje standardizovanou metodu m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edly pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k roztr\u017een\u00ed pap\u00edru ve sm\u011bru kolm\u00e9m k rovin\u011b listu po zah\u00e1jen\u00ed trh\u00e1n\u00ed. Zkou\u0161ka se op\u00edr\u00e1 o Elmendorf\u016fv kyvadlov\u00fd mechanismus, kter\u00fd p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed ztr\u00e1tu energie na m\u011b\u0159itelnou s\u00edlu p\u0159i trh\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na rozd\u00edl od tahov\u00fdch zkou\u0161ek nebo zkou\u0161ek na roztr\u017een\u00ed se norma ASTM D689 zam\u011b\u0159uje na odolnost proti vnit\u0159n\u00edmu roztr\u017een\u00ed. Tato vlastnost odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, jak se pap\u00edr chov\u00e1 p\u0159i n\u00e1hl\u00e9m p\u016fsoben\u00ed sil b\u011bhem zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, skl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed nebo manipulace. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu norma ASTM D689 \u010dasto dopl\u0148uje jin\u00e9 zkou\u0161ky pevnosti, aby poskytla \u00fapln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed profil vlastnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Norma plat\u00ed pro mnoho druh\u016f pap\u00edru a lepenky, a\u010dkoli nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e1 pro vysoce sm\u011brov\u00e9 pap\u00edry, u nich\u017e je t\u0159eba hodnotit p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9 trh\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ASTM D689: Zkou\u0161ka pevnosti pap\u00edru v tahu pomoc\u00ed Elmendorfovy trhac\u00ed zkou\u0161ky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The zkou\u0161ka pevnosti pap\u00edru v tahu<\/strong> popsan\u00e9 v norm\u011b ASTM D689 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Trhac\u00ed zkou\u0161e\u010dka Elmendorf<\/strong> roztrhnout jednu nebo v\u00edce vrstev pap\u00edru v pevn\u011b stanoven\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti. P\u0159\u00edstroj m\u011b\u0159\u00ed pr\u00e1ci vykonanou kyvadlem b\u011bhem trh\u00e1n\u00ed a zobrazuje pr\u016fm\u011brnou trhac\u00ed s\u00edlu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud je testov\u00e1no v\u00edce list\u016f dohromady, v\u00fdsledek p\u0159edstavuje pr\u016fm\u011brnou hodnotu. Tato hodnota umo\u017e\u0148uje laborato\u0159\u00edm vypo\u010d\u00edtat p\u0159ibli\u017enou odolnost proti roztr\u017een\u00ed jednoho listu. U tenk\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f, kde je mo\u017en\u00e9 zkou\u0161et jednotliv\u00e9 listy, lze odolnost proti roztr\u017een\u00ed m\u011b\u0159it p\u0159\u00edmo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The pevnost pap\u00edru v roztr\u017een\u00ed<\/strong> z\u00edskan\u00fd podle normy ASTM D689 slou\u017e\u00ed jako kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd ukazatel vazby vl\u00e1ken, d\u00e9lky vl\u00e1ken, podm\u00ednek zu\u0161lech\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed a celkov\u00e9 integrity plechu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Princip testu zalo\u017een\u00fd na Elmendorfov\u011b metod\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Elmendorfova metoda funguje na jednoduch\u00e9m, ale spolehliv\u00e9m mechanick\u00e9m principu. Kyvadlo se zn\u00e1mou hmotnost\u00ed a geometri\u00ed se uvoln\u00ed z pevn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky. P\u0159i k\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed roztrhne zku\u0161ebn\u00ed vzorek upnut\u00fd ve zkou\u0161e\u010dce. Energie spot\u0159ebovan\u00e1 p\u0159i trh\u00e1n\u00ed sni\u017euje kone\u010dnou v\u00fd\u0161ku kyvadla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stupnice p\u0159\u00edstroje p\u0159epo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 tuto ztr\u00e1tu energie na trhac\u00ed s\u00edlu. Proto\u017ee vzd\u00e1lenost trh\u00e1n\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 konstantn\u00ed, norma ASTM D689 zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee v\u00fdsledky z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed srovnateln\u00e9 mezi laborato\u0159emi, pokud postupy a vybaven\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed stejn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00edky tomuto principu je Elmendorfova metoda rychl\u00e1, opakovateln\u00e1 a vhodn\u00e1 pro rutinn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed kontroly kvality v pap\u00edrn\u00e1ch a zku\u0161ebn\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159ehled zku\u0161ebn\u00edch postup\u016f podle normy ASTM D689<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pro dosa\u017een\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00fdch a opakovateln\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f by laborato\u0159e m\u011bly dodr\u017eovat strukturovan\u00fd postup podle normy ASTM D689:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edprava vzork\u016f<\/strong>
P\u0159ipravte si pap\u00edrov\u00e9 vzorky v po\u017eadovan\u00e9 velikosti a orientaci. Zkou\u0161ky se obvykle prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed ve sm\u011bru stroje i v p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9m sm\u011bru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdb\u011br vrstev<\/strong>
Zvolte vhodn\u00fd po\u010det vrstev tak, aby nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 hodnoty spadaly do kalibrovan\u00e9ho rozsahu Elmendorfova testeru trh\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nastaven\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje<\/strong>
Ov\u011b\u0159te kalibraci, ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee se kyvadlo voln\u011b pohybuje, a zkontrolujte, zda pohyb neovliv\u0148uje t\u0159en\u00ed nebo p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iniciace a testov\u00e1n\u00ed trh\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>
Vzorek pevn\u011b sev\u0159ete a uvoln\u011bte kyvadlo, aby se pap\u00edr protrhl na ur\u010denou vzd\u00e1lenost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1znam v\u00fdsledku<\/strong>
Zaznamenejte jednotliv\u00e9 hodnoty a vypo\u010d\u00edtejte pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9, maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed a minim\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnoty pro ka\u017ed\u00fd sm\u011br testu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pe\u010dliv\u00e1 kontrola po\u010dtu vrstev a vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed vzork\u016f hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i minimalizaci variability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aplikace normy ASTM D689 v pap\u00edrensk\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Norma ASTM D689 je i nad\u00e1le \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na jako prediktor vlastnost\u00ed pro kone\u010dn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed u mnoha druh\u016f pap\u00edru. Obalov\u00e9 pap\u00edry se spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na dostate\u010dnou odolnost proti roztr\u017een\u00ed, aby nedo\u0161lo k po\u0161kozen\u00ed p\u0159i pln\u011bn\u00ed a p\u0159eprav\u011b. Tiskov\u00e9 pap\u00edry t\u011b\u017e\u00ed z vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 odolnosti proti roztr\u017een\u00ed, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo po\u0161kozen\u00ed okraj\u016f p\u0159i vysokorychlostn\u00edm zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Monitorov\u00e1n\u00edm pevnost pap\u00edru v roztr\u017een\u00ed<\/strong>, mohou v\u00fdrobci upravovat suroviny, \u00farovn\u011b rafinace a parametry procesu, aby dos\u00e1hli st\u00e1l\u00e9 kvality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spolehliv\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky z\u00e1vis\u00ed na stabiln\u00edm a p\u0159esn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9m vybaven\u00ed. Modern\u00ed Trhac\u00ed zkou\u0161e\u010dka Elmendorf<\/strong>, jako je nap\u0159. Cell Instruments Tester na trh\u00e1n\u00ed SLD-01<\/a><\/b>, poskytuje p\u0159esn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed energie, plynul\u00fd pohyb kyvadla a p\u0159ehledn\u00e9 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo analogov\u00e9 \u00fadaje. Tyto vlastnosti pom\u00e1haj\u00ed laborato\u0159\u00edm splnit po\u017eadavky normy ASTM D689 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost a opakovatelnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spole\u010dnost Cell Instruments Co., Ltd. <\/b><\/a>podporuje laborato\u0159e pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed pap\u00edru profesion\u00e1ln\u00edmi testery na trh\u00e1n\u00ed a technick\u00fdmi znalostmi, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed shodu s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi normami a dlouhodobou spolehlivost testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

ASTM D689 <\/b>nab\u00edz\u00ed osv\u011bd\u010denou a praktickou metodu hodnocen\u00ed odolnosti pap\u00edru proti roztr\u017een\u00ed pomoc\u00ed Elmendorfovy metody. Pochopen\u00edm principu zkou\u0161ky, dodr\u017een\u00edm spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho postupu a v\u00fdb\u011brem vhodn\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed mohou laborato\u0159e z\u00edskat spolehliv\u00e9 \u00fadaje, kter\u00e9 podpo\u0159\u00ed kontrolu kvality a v\u00fdvoj v\u00fdrobk\u016f. Pro v\u00fdrobce i u\u017eivatele pap\u00edru z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 norma ASTM D689 z\u00e1kladn\u00edm standardem pro hodnocen\u00ed re\u00e1ln\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed pap\u00edru a..<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spolehliv\u00e1 testovac\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 spl\u0148uj\u00ed normy ASTM a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed normy, Bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje<\/strong> poskytuje profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9my a odbornou technickou podporu p\u0159izp\u016fsobenou va\u0161im pot\u0159eb\u00e1m v oblasti testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dotazy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Co je ASTM D689 a pro\u010d je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1?
ASTM D689<\/strong> je standardn\u00ed zku\u0161ebn\u00ed metoda pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 k m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pevnost pap\u00edru v roztr\u017een\u00ed<\/strong> pomoc\u00ed Trhac\u00ed zkou\u0161e\u010dka Elmendorf<\/strong>. Poskytuje d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 \u00fadaje pro kontrolu kvality a p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1 v\u00fdkonnost pap\u00edru p\u0159i kone\u010dn\u00e9m pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kter\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly lze testovat podle normy ASTM D689?
Tento test se vztahuje na v\u011bt\u0161inu druh\u016f pap\u00edru, v\u010detn\u011b kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho, balic\u00edho a speci\u00e1ln\u00edho pap\u00edru. M\u011b\u0159\u00ed se jak ve sm\u011bru stroje, tak v p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9m sm\u011bru. pevnost pap\u00edru p\u0159i trh\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> aby bylo zaji\u0161t\u011bno p\u0159esn\u00e9 vyhodnocen\u00ed trvanlivosti materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak funguje Elmendorf\u016fv tester trh\u00e1n\u00ed v tomto testu?
The Trhac\u00ed zkou\u0161e\u010dka Elmendorf<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 kyvadlo k roztr\u017een\u00ed pap\u00edrov\u00e9ho vzorku. Zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 se energie absorbovan\u00e1 pap\u00edrem p\u0159i trh\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159evede na hodnotu. pevnost pap\u00edru v roztr\u017een\u00ed<\/strong> pro jeden arch nebo v\u00edce vrstev.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak\u00e9 jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 kroky p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed zkou\u0161ky pevnosti pap\u00edru v tahu podle normy ASTM D689?
Postup zahrnuje p\u0159\u00edpravu vzorku, upnut\u00ed pap\u00edru do misky Elmendorf\u016fv tester<\/strong>, zah\u00e1jen\u00ed trh\u00e1n\u00ed, zaznamen\u00e1n\u00ed trhac\u00ed s\u00edly a v\u00fdpo\u010det pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 hodnoty. pevnost v roztr\u017een\u00ed<\/strong>. Zkou\u0161ky se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed jak ve sm\u011bru stroje, tak v p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9m sm\u011bru, aby se dos\u00e1hlo komplexn\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Understanding ASTM D689 ASTM D689 defines a standardized method to measure the force required to tear paper in a direction perpendicular to the sheet plane after a tear has been initiated. The test relies on an Elmendorf pendulum mechanism, which converts potential energy loss into a measurable tearing force. Unlike tensile or burst tests, ASTM […]<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":8703,"parent":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"standard-category":[611],"class_list":["post-9871","standard","type-standard","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","standard-category-astm"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard\/9871","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/standard"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8703"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9871"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"standard-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard-category?post=9871"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}