{"id":9307,"date":"2026-02-02T11:24:03","date_gmt":"2026-02-02T03:24:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/applications\/trapezoid-tear-testing\/"},"modified":"2026-03-16T16:11:20","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T08:11:20","slug":"trapezoid-tear-testing","status":"publish","type":"applications","link":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/el\/applications\/trapezoid-tear-testing\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u039f <strong data-start=\"485\" data-end=\"508\">\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <strong data-start=\"562\" data-end=\"579\">\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/strong> \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/el\/standard\/astm-d4533\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"856\" data-end=\"870\">ASTM D4533<\/strong><\/a> \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf <strong data-start=\"1292\" data-end=\"1342\">\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c1\u03ae\u03be\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong> \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03af\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 <strong data-start=\"1426\" data-end=\"1453\">\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong>, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03cd\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1. \u0397 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong data-start=\"1572\" data-end=\"1602\">\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf, \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf. \u0392\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ASTM D4533: \u03a4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f <strong data-start=\"1934\" data-end=\"1948\">ASTM D4533<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 <strong data-start=\"2003\" data-end=\"2048\">\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong>. \u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac \u03ae \u03c4\u03c3\u03cc\u03c7\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c6\u03af\u03b3\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0397 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03cd\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 300 \u00b1 10 mm\/min).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 <strong data-start=\"2570\" data-end=\"2593\">\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f <strong data-start=\"2622\" data-end=\"2645\">\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 <strong data-start=\"2693\" data-end=\"2712\">\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf <strong data-start=\"2749\" data-end=\"2766\">\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf <strong data-start=\"2833\" data-end=\"2855\">\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong>, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong data-start=\"2974\" data-end=\"2993\">\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"2995\" data-end=\"3017\">\u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong>, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong data-start=\"3023\" data-end=\"3047\">\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong data-start=\"3231\" data-end=\"3247\">\u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1:<\/strong> \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"3365\" data-end=\"3400\">\u039a\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cb\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1:<\/strong> \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b6\u03c9\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"3511\" data-end=\"3535\">\u03a5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2:<\/strong> \u0391\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af, \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 <strong data-start=\"3672\" data-end=\"3693\">\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong data-start=\"5623\" data-end=\"5672\">Q1: \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2;<\/strong><br data-start=\"5672\" data-end=\"5675\">\u03911: \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong data-start=\"5823\" data-end=\"5893\">\u03952: \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1;<\/strong><br data-start=\"5893\" data-end=\"5896\">\u03912: \u03a4\u03bf ASTM D4533 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong data-start=\"6005\" data-end=\"6051\">Q3: \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae;<\/strong><br data-start=\"6051\" data-end=\"6054\">A3: \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 <strong data-start=\"6132\" data-end=\"6167\">Cell Instruments \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong>, \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong data-start=\"6185\" data-end=\"6232\">Q4: \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf;<\/strong><br data-start=\"6232\" data-end=\"6235\">A4: \u0395\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong data-start=\"6376\" data-end=\"6441\">Q5: \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Cell Instruments \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2;<\/strong><br data-start=\"6441\" data-end=\"6444\">\u03915: \u03a4\u03bf Cell Instruments \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong data-start=\"6537\" data-end=\"6573\">\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf ASTM D4533<\/strong> \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03bf\u03c2\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f <strong data-start=\"5077\" data-end=\"5100\">\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03b1<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0391\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf <a href=\"https:\/\/www.astm.org\/d4533_d4533m-15.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><strong data-start=\"5211\" data-end=\"5225\">ASTM D4533<\/strong><\/a> \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae, \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The trapezoid tear test is a standardized method widely used to evaluate the tear strength of woven and nonwoven materials such as geotextiles, technical fabrics, and composites. This test provides critical data for engineers and quality control professionals to assess the material\u2019s resistance to tear propagation during use. 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