{"id":9869,"date":"2026-02-24T15:11:46","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:11:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/standard\/astm-d2261\/"},"modified":"2026-04-16T09:53:05","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T01:53:05","slug":"astm-d2261","status":"publish","type":"standard","link":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/el\/standard\/astm-d2261\/","title":{"rendered":"ASTM D2261"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0394\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2: \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong data-start=\"1009\" data-end=\"1036\">\u0394\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf <strong data-start=\"1151\" data-end=\"1170\">\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae ASTM D2261<\/strong> \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf <strong data-start=\"1180\" data-end=\"1203\">\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf (\u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1)<\/strong> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c1\u03ae\u03be\u03b7\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7. \u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03be\u03b7\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 ASTM D2261<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039f <strong data-start=\"1796\" data-end=\"1810\">ASTM D2261<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p data-start=\"1875\" data-end=\"2089\"><strong data-start=\"1875\" data-end=\"1899\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong>: \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 <strong data-start=\"2052\" data-end=\"2088\">\u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 CRE<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><p data-start=\"1875\" data-end=\"2089\"><strong data-start=\"2097\" data-end=\"2115\" style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">: \u039f \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc, \u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8' \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2.<\/span><\/p><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><p data-start=\"1875\" data-end=\"2089\"><strong data-start=\"2287\" data-end=\"2308\" style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u039c\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u0394\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">: \u03a4\u03bf <\/span><strong data-start=\"2314\" data-end=\"2335\" style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\"> \u03ae \u03c4\u03bf <\/span><strong data-start=\"2343\" data-end=\"2382\" style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\"> \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/span><\/p><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><p data-start=\"1875\" data-end=\"2089\"><strong data-start=\"2478\" data-end=\"2495\" style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u0394\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">: \u039f\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7.<\/span><\/p><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 <strong data-start=\"2730\" data-end=\"2757\">\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong data-start=\"2795\" data-end=\"2820\" style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u0391\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">: \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03cd\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"3007\" data-end=\"3026\" style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">: \u039f\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"3161\" data-end=\"3180\" style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u039a\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">: \u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u039f \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 CRE \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf ASTM D2261<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong data-start=\"3396\" data-end=\"3433\">\u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 CRE<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 ASTM D2261. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 - \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 <strong data-start=\"3730\" data-end=\"3761\">\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03ae <strong data-start=\"3765\" data-end=\"3797\">\u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong>-\u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 Cell Instruments<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf <strong data-start=\"3973\" data-end=\"3993\">\u039a\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong>, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd <strong data-start=\"4031\" data-end=\"4059\">\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd <strong data-start=\"4090\" data-end=\"4104\">ASTM D2261<\/strong> \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf  \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 <strong data-start=\"4118\" data-end=\"4138\">\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5. \u0395\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac \u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c8\u03b7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039f <strong data-start=\"4503\" data-end=\"4517\">ASTM D2261<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <strong data-start=\"4567\" data-end=\"4594\">\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/strong> \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cb\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf, \u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7. \u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 <strong data-start=\"4921\" data-end=\"4941\">\u039a\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong>, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Q1: \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf ASTM D2261;<br><strong data-start=\"135\" data-end=\"141\">\u03911<\/strong>: <strong data-start=\"143\" data-end=\"157\">ASTM D2261<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <strong data-start=\"206\" data-end=\"233\">\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/strong> \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf <strong data-start=\"272\" data-end=\"295\">\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf (\u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1)<\/strong> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf. \u0397 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Q2: \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cb\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1;<br><strong data-start=\"556\" data-end=\"562\">\u03912<\/strong>: <strong data-start=\"564\" data-end=\"591\">\u0394\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2. \u0392\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Q3: \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae ASTM D2261;<br><strong data-start=\"977\" data-end=\"983\">\u03913<\/strong>: \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf <strong data-start=\"992\" data-end=\"1006\">ASTM D2261<\/strong> \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 <strong data-start=\"1077\" data-end=\"1113\">\u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 CRE<\/strong>. \u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03bd\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Q4: \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae ASTM D2261;<br><strong data-start=\"1416\" data-end=\"1422\">\u03914<\/strong>: \u03a4\u03bf <strong data-start=\"1428\" data-end=\"1464\">\u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 CRE<\/strong> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong data-start=\"1496\" data-end=\"1510\">ASTM D2261<\/strong>. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 <strong data-start=\"1689\" data-end=\"1720\">\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03ae <strong data-start=\"1724\" data-end=\"1756\">\u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong>, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Q5: \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac ASTM D2261;<br><strong data-start=\"1880\" data-end=\"1886\">\u03915<\/strong>: \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong data-start=\"1945\" data-end=\"1966\" style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u0394\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">: \u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"2033\" data-end=\"2066\" style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u039c\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">: \u0397 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Q6: \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Cell Instruments \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 ASTM D2261;<br><strong data-start=\"2305\" data-end=\"2311\">A6<\/strong>: <strong data-start=\"2313\" data-end=\"2333\">\u039a\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 <strong data-start=\"2356\" data-end=\"2384\">\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong> \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd <strong data-start=\"2422\" data-end=\"2436\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.astm.org\/d2261-13r24.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ASTM D2261<\/a><\/strong>. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <strong data-start=\"2546\" data-end=\"2573\">\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/strong> \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2. \u0395\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u039b\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd ASTM D2261\t\t\t\t<\/h2>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0394\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2: \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae ASTM D2261 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 (\u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1), \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cc\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0397 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