{"id":9867,"date":"2026-02-24T15:11:46","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:11:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/standard\/iso-1974-2\/"},"modified":"2026-04-16T09:54:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T01:54:21","slug":"iso-1974","status":"publish","type":"standard","link":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/lt\/standard\/iso-1974\/","title":{"rendered":"ISO 1974"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kaip ISO 1974 apibr\u0117\u017eia atsparum\u0105 ply\u0161imui<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Standarte apra\u0161oma seka, pagal kuri\u0105 operatorius keturis vienas ant kito u\u017ed\u0117tus lapus deda \u012f <a href=\"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/lt\/products\/sld-01-elmendorf-tear-strength-tester\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Elmendorfo \u0161vytuoklinis testeris<\/a>, \u012fveda pradin\u012f pj\u016bv\u012f ir leid\u017eia \u0161vytuoklei \u012fveikti nustatyt\u0105 atstum\u0105. . <strong data-start=\"1636\" data-end=\"1667\">\u0161vytuokl\u0117s prarandama energija<\/strong> yra darbas, kurio reikia ply\u0161iui paskleisti. Pagal tai laboratorijose apskai\u010diuojama vidutin\u0117 vieno lapo ply\u0161imo j\u0117ga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0160is standartas daugiausia taikomas popieriui ir lengviems kartono gaminiams, kuri\u0173 atsparumas ply\u0161imui patenka \u012f Elmendorfo tipo prietais\u0173 galimybi\u0173 diapazon\u0105. ISO 1974 rekomenduoja pasirinkti toki\u0105 \u0161vytuokl\u0117s talp\u0105, kuri u\u017etikrint\u0173, kad rodmenys i\u0161likt\u0173 tarp 20% ir 80% testerio skal\u0117s, u\u017etikrinant maksimal\u0173 tikslum\u0105 ir pakartojamum\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kod\u0117l svarbus atsparumas ply\u0161imui<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Popieriaus atsparumas ply\u0161imui turi tiesiogin\u0117s \u012ftakos perdirbimo na\u0161umui, pakuot\u0117s vientisumui ir galutinio naudojimo ilgaam\u017ei\u0161kumui. Nepakankamas atsparumas da\u017enai lemia rulono ply\u0161im\u0105, prast\u0105 jo valdomum\u0105 arba vartotoj\u0173 nusiskundimus. Ir atvirk\u0161\u010diai, per didelis atsparumas gali trukdyti atlikti tokias operacijas kaip atidarymo elementai, bigavimas ar perforacija. ISO 1974 si\u016blo patikim\u0105 matavimo sistem\u0105, kuri padeda suderinti \u0161iuos reikalavimus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pagrindiniai Elmendorfo pl\u0117\u0161ymo metodo principai<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kontroliuojamas a\u0161ar\u0173 plitimas<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>ISO 1974 naudoja <strong data-start=\"2649\" data-end=\"2669\">viena a\u0161ar\u0173 linija<\/strong> sukurtas tvirtai u\u017espaudus sukrautus lak\u0161tus. Standartizavus lap\u0173 skai\u010di\u0173, pl\u0117\u0161imo atstum\u0105 ir \u0161vytuokl\u0117s judes\u012f, bandymas izoliuoja pl\u0117\u0161ymo savyb\u0119, o ne operatoriaus technikos \u012ftak\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0160vytuokl\u0117s ir mas\u0117s parinkimas<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u0161aros vert\u0117 tur\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti rekomenduojamame veikimo diapazone. Darbas u\u017e \u0161io intervalo rib\u0173 padidina bandymo neapibr\u0117\u017etum\u0105. \u0160iuolaikiniai prietaisai supaprastina \u0161\u012f pasirinkim\u0105 naudodami modulines arba automati\u0161kai atpa\u017e\u012fstamas \u0161vytuoklines mases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Duomen\u0173 kokyb\u0117 ir ataskait\u0173 teikimas<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>ISO 1974 reikalauja atskirai nurodyti atsparum\u0105 ply\u0161imui abiem kryptimis, \u012fskaitant variacijos koeficient\u0105. Skaitmenin\u0117s ataskait\u0173 teikimo sistemos padeda komandoms suma\u017einti transkripcijos klaidas, i\u0161saugoti atsekamum\u0105 ir pagreitinti pagrindini\u0173 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173 analiz\u0119 atliekant kokyb\u0117s tyrimus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tinkamo Elmendorfo testerio pasirinkimas i\u0161 Cell Instruments<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Popieriaus ir pakuo\u010di\u0173 laboratorijos siekia, kad prietaisai <strong data-start=\"4698\" data-end=\"4743\">tikslumas, ilgaam\u017ei\u0161kumas ir duomen\u0173 u\u017etikrinimas<\/strong>. Cell Instruments SLD-01 ply\u0161imo testeris glaud\u017eiai atitinka ISO 1974 nustatytus veiklos l\u016bkes\u010dius ir didina laboratorijos darbo na\u0161um\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pagrindiniai privalumai:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong data-start=\"4937\" data-end=\"4959\">Pneumatinis prispaudimas<\/strong> kuris u\u017etikrina vienod\u0105 vis\u0173 bandini\u0173 su\u0117mim\u0105 ir pagerina pakartojamum\u0105.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"5043\" data-end=\"5073\">Automatinis \u0161vytuokl\u0117s paleidimas<\/strong>, tod\u0117l pa\u0161alinamos operatoriaus laiko nustatymo klaidos, d\u0117l kuri\u0173 da\u017enai nuken\u010dia tradiciniai rankiniai testeriai.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"5164\" data-end=\"5196\">Keli\u0173 \u0161vytuokli\u0173 paj\u0117gumai<\/strong> nuo lengvo iki sunkaus popieriaus, tod\u0117l vienu prietaisu galima atlikti plat\u0173 bandym\u0173 spektr\u0105.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"5287\" data-end=\"5347\">Pramoninio lygio PLC valdymas su jutiklinio ekrano navigacija<\/strong>, tod\u0117l sutrump\u0117ja mokymo laikas ir padid\u0117ja produktyvumas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"5408\" data-end=\"5464\">Pasirenkama a\u0161ar\u0173 indekso i\u0161vestis ir profesionali programin\u0117 \u012franga<\/strong>, palaikantys celiulioz\u0117s ir popieriaus standartus ir pa\u017eangias ataskaitas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">DUK apie ISO 1974<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kas yra ISO 1974?<br>ISO 1974 yra tarptautinis standartas, kuriame apibr\u0117\u017eiamas Elmendorfo metodas popieriaus ir lengv\u0173 karton\u0173 atsparumui ply\u0161imui nustatyti. Jame pateikiama vieninga proced\u016bra, skirta matuoti j\u0117gai, kurios reikia, kad bandomasis elementas b\u016bt\u0173 \u012fpl\u0117\u0161tas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K\u0105 atsparumas ply\u0161imui rodo apie popieriaus kokyb\u0119?<br>Didesnis atsparumas ply\u0161imui paprastai rodo stipresn\u012f pluo\u0161to sujungim\u0105 ir geresn\u012f strukt\u016brin\u012f vientisum\u0105. D\u0117l ma\u017e\u0173 ver\u010di\u0173 gali kilti perdirbimo problem\u0173, blogai i\u0161silaikyti arba produktas gali sugesti pakuo\u010di\u0173 gamyboje.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kokias med\u017eiagas galima bandyti naudojant ISO 1974?<br>ISO 1974 taikomas daugumai popieriaus r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 ir lengv\u0173j\u0173 karton\u0173, kuri\u0173 atsparumas ply\u0161imui patenka \u012f pasirinkt\u0105 Elmendorfo ply\u0161imo testerio \u0161vytuokl\u0117s diapazon\u0105.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kiek lak\u0161t\u0173 reikia kiekviename bandinyje pagal ISO 1974?<br>Standarte reikalaujama, kad kiekvienam bandiniui b\u016bt\u0173 keturi vienas ant kito u\u017ed\u0117ti lapai. Ta\u010diau prireikus galima naudoti daugiau arba ma\u017eiau lap\u0173, jei \u0161is nukrypimas ai\u0161kiai nurodytas bandymo ataskaitoje.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kod\u0117l ISO 1974 reikalauja atlikti matavimus tiek ma\u0161inos kryptimi, tiek skersine kryptimi?<br>Popierius pasi\u017eymi anizotropija d\u0117l pluo\u0161to orientacijos gamybos metu. Bandymai abiem kryptimis u\u017etikrina i\u0161sam\u0173 med\u017eiagos elgsenos supratim\u0105 ir padeda diagnozuoti gamybos neatitikimus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kokie veiksniai gali lemti negaliojan\u010dius Elmendorfo a\u0161arojimo testo rezultatus?<br>Netinkamai parinkta \u0161vytuokl\u0117, didelis ply\u0161imo nuokrypis, nepilnas ply\u0161imas, operatoriaus \u012ftaka, susisuk\u0119 lak\u0161tai arba rodmenys, kurie nepatenka \u012f 20-80 proc. matavimo diapazono, gali b\u016bti atmesti arba bandymas gali b\u016bti pakartotas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kaip apskai\u010diuojamas a\u0161ar\u0173 indeksas pagal ISO 1974?<br>Ply\u0161imo indeksas normalizuoja atsparum\u0105 ply\u0161imui pagal gramat\u016br\u0105 pagal formul\u0119<br>X = F \/ g,<br>kur F - lapo atsparumas ply\u0161imui, o g - bazin\u0117 mas\u0117 gramais kvadratiniam metrui. Jis naudingas lyginant skirtingos gramat\u016bros popieri\u0173.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\n\t\t\t\tSusisiekite su mumis Gaukite ISO 1974 testavimo sprendim\u0105\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/52430.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">ISO 1974<\/a><\/strong> pateikiama patikima metodika, padedanti gamintojams ir laboratorijoms tiksliai ir palyginamai nustatyti popieriaus atsparum\u0105 ply\u0161imui. Sujungus standarto principus su didelio tikslumo prietaisais, pvz. <strong data-start=\"6855\" data-end=\"6897\">Cell Instruments SLD-01 ply\u0161imo testeris<\/strong>, organizacijos gali pagerinti kokyb\u0117s u\u017etikrinim\u0105, stabilizuoti gamyb\u0105 ir padidinti pasitik\u0117jim\u0105 savo med\u017eiagomis.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kaip ISO 1974 apibr\u0117\u017eia atsparum\u0105 ply\u0161imui Standarte apra\u0161oma seka, pagal kuri\u0105 operatorius \u012f Elmendorfo \u0161vytuoklin\u012f tester\u012f \u012fdeda keturis vienas ant kito u\u017ed\u0117tus lak\u0161tus, padaro pradin\u012f pj\u016bv\u012f ir leid\u017eia \u0161vytuoklei ply\u0161ti nustatytu atstumu. \u0160vytuokl\u0117s prarandama energija yra darbas, reikalingas ply\u0161iui paskleisti. I\u0161 to laboratorijos [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":8547,"parent":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"standard-category":[612],"class_list":["post-9867","standard","type-standard","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","standard-category-iso"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard\/9867","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/standard"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8547"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9867"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"standard-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard-category?post=9867"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}