{"id":9312,"date":"2026-02-02T11:24:03","date_gmt":"2026-02-02T03:24:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/applications\/trouser-tear-test\/"},"modified":"2026-03-16T16:24:19","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T08:24:19","slug":"trouser-tear-test","status":"publish","type":"applications","link":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/my\/applications\/trouser-tear-test\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e \u1001\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u101f\u102d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/my\/standard\/astm-d1938\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong data-start=\"510\" data-end=\"524\">ASTM D1938<\/strong><\/a> \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1000\u1032\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1036\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b <strong data-start=\"581\" data-end=\"612\">\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u1030\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong> \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037\u1015\u102b\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104b \u101c\u1030\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1021\u1019\u100a\u103a\u101b\u101e\u100a\u103a <strong data-start=\"671\" data-end=\"692\">\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong>, \u1024\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1001\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u103b\u1032\u1037\u1011\u103d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u104a \u1016\u102d\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104f \u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u1010\u1014\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u1031\u1038\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1024\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a a \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b <strong data-start=\"908\" data-end=\"930\">\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038<\/strong>, \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101d\u1031\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1004\u103c\u102d\u1019\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u103d\u1032\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1024\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1011\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u104a \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1006\u1031\u1038\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1000\u102d\u101b\u102d\u101a\u102c\u1000\u100f\u1039\u100d\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1032\u1037\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1016\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101d\u1031\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1019\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u1014\u1031\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104f \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u101f\u102d <strong data-start=\"1258\" data-end=\"1279\">\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong> \u1024\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1016\u101c\u1004\u103a \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037\u1015\u102b\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101c\u101a\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1016\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1000\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1001\u103d\u1032\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1001\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u104d \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1036\u1037\u1005\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u2026 \u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u101e\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b <strong data-start=\"1572\" data-end=\"1606\">\u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1006\u103d\u1032\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u101f\u102d <strong data-start=\"1613\" data-end=\"1644\">\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u1030\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong> \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1006\u103d\u1032\u1016\u103c\u1032\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1018\u101a\u103a\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1014\u102c\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u104a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1011\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1006\u1031\u1038\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1021\u1011\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1032\u1037\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101b\u102c\u104c \u1019\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u1014\u1031\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ASTM D1938 \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1018\u101a\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101e\u101c\u1032<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong data-start=\"1887\" data-end=\"1912\">\u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong data-start=\"1916\" data-end=\"1940\">\u1014\u1019\u1030\u1014\u102c \u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong>\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1019\u1030\u1014\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101c\u101a\u103a\u1017\u101f\u102d\u102f\u104c \u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u104d \u1001\u103c\u1031\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1016\u1000\u103a \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1024\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1016\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1016\u102d\u1014\u103e\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102c \u1016\u102d\u1014\u103e\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u103c\u1031\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1016\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u100a\u103a\u1004\u103c\u102d\u1019\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"2116\" data-end=\"2146\">\u1001\u103d\u1032\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong>\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u102d\u1000\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103d\u1032\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u104a \u1016\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"2289\" data-end=\"2305\">\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u101b\u101c\u1012\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong>\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1012\u1031\u1010\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u104f <strong data-start=\"2400\" data-end=\"2431\">\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u1030\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong>, \u1024\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1016\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong data-start=\"2512\" data-end=\"2544\">\u101b\u101c\u1012\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101b\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong data-start=\"2547\" data-end=\"2565\">\u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1011\u1030<\/strong>\u1011\u1030\u1011\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1001\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1016\u102d\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"2625\" data-end=\"2649\">\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong>\u1015\u101c\u102e\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1006\u103d\u1032\u1001\u103d\u1032\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1031\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"2738\" data-end=\"2757\">\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong>\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u102d\u102f\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101b\u101c\u1012\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 (\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a 23 \u00b1 2\u00b0C \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u102d\u102f\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f 50 \u00b1 10%) \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1031\u1037\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u101f\u102d <strong data-start=\"2966\" data-end=\"2987\">\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong> \u1024\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102d\u101b\u102d\u101a\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1011\u1030 \u1041 \u1019\u102e\u101c\u102e\u1019\u102e\u1010\u102c \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1011\u1000\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037\u1015\u102b\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1021\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong data-start=\"3117\" data-end=\"3139\">\u1011\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038<\/strong>: \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1000\u1032\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a <strong data-start=\"3157\" data-end=\"3192\">\u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1006\u103d\u1032\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a<\/strong> \u1011\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"3225\" data-end=\"3243\">\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1000\u100f\u1039\u100d<\/strong>\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1021\u1016\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u101c\u103d\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"3336\" data-end=\"3356\">\u1021\u1011\u100a\u103a\u1021\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038<\/strong>\u1021\u1011\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1024\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1000\u1032\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b <strong data-start=\"3501\" data-end=\"3518\">\u1016\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038<\/strong> \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1010\u102c\u101b\u103e\u100a\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u1005\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1021\u1011\u1030\u1038\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1015\u103b\u1036\u1037\u1014\u103e\u1036\u1037\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1014\u102c\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u101f\u102d <strong data-start=\"3684\" data-end=\"3704\">\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038<\/strong> \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1016\u102d\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u100a\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102c\u104a \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1001\u103b\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u103c\u102f\u1036\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u101c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1010\u102f\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u1030\u1038\u104d \u1015\u103c\u101e\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b <strong data-start=\"3839\" data-end=\"3870\">\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u1030\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong> \u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1001\u1036\u101b\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u104f \u1005\u102f\u1005\u102f\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1014\u102c\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u101e\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a <strong data-start=\"3976\" data-end=\"3993\">\u1015\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1015\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1036\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038<\/strong> \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1024\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a \u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1032\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a \u1021\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1004\u101a\u103a\u101e\u102c \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1032\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1019\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1032\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u103d\u1032\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1024\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000 \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1010\u102c\u101b\u103e\u100a\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u1030\u100a\u102e\u1015\u1036\u1037\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a ASTM D1938 \u104f \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1024\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1016\u102d\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u101a\u102f\u1036\u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103d\u102c \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1019\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u1014\u1031\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b. <strong data-start=\"4445\" data-end=\"4459\">ASTM D1938<\/strong> \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u104f \u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u1019\u103c\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1012\u1031\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1036\u1037\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102c\u104a \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u100a\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1019\u1006\u102d\u102f \u1010\u100a\u103a\u1004\u103c\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u102c\u1019\u1001\u1036\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1011\u1030\u1038\u101e\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1011\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1016\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1006\u1031\u1038\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1021\u1011\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1032\u1037\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1011\u1030\u1038\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong data-start=\"4763\" data-end=\"4805\">\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104f \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000 \u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1007\u1030\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong data-start=\"4808\" data-end=\"4849\">\u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong>: \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1014\u103e\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101a\u103e\u1009\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1000\u1030\u100a\u102e\u101e\u100a\u103a <strong data-start=\"4883\" data-end=\"4914\">\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1015\u103b\u1036\u1037\u1014\u103e\u1036\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1006\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038<\/strong> \u1000\u103d\u1032\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"4941\" data-end=\"4973\">\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103c\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038<\/strong>\u1011\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1006\u1031\u1038\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u102c\u104d \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1016\u103d\u1036\u1037\u1016\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1000\u1030\u100a\u102e\u1015\u1036\u1037\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong data-start=\"5092\" data-end=\"5120\">\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103d\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong>\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u104f \u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a \u1010\u100a\u103a\u1004\u103c\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u102c\u1019\u1001\u1036\u1000\u102c \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1036\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1000\u1030\u100a\u102e\u1015\u1036\u1037\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1021\u1019\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Q1: Trouser Tear Test (ASTM D1938) \u104f \u101b\u100a\u103a\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u1018\u102c\u101c\u1032?<br>\u101f\u102d <strong>\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e \u1001\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong>, \u104a \u1021\u1011\u1030\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 <strong>ASTM D1938<\/strong>, \u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a <strong>\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u1030\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong> \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1016\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037\u1015\u102b\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104b \u1024\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1011\u1030\u1011\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1041 \u1019\u102e\u101c\u102e\u1019\u102e\u1010\u102c \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1011\u1000\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101d\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1000\u1032\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u1030\u100a\u102e\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b <strong>\u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1006\u103d\u1032\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038<\/strong>, \u104a \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1016\u102d\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101e\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u1005\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u104a \u1011\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1006\u1031\u1038\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1000\u102d\u101b\u102d\u101a\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101b\u102c\u104c \u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Q2: Trouser Tear Test (ASTM D1938) \u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1018\u101a\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u101e\u101c\u1032\u104b<br>\u101f\u102d <strong>\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f (ASTM D1938)<\/strong> \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b <strong>\u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong> \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a <strong>\u1015\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1015\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1036\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038<\/strong> \u1011\u1030\u1011\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1041 \u1019\u102e\u101c\u102e\u1019\u102e\u1010\u102c \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1011\u1000\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u104b \u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b <strong>\u1011\u100a\u103a\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1011\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1021\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u101b\u1031\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102f\u101e\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong>, \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a<strong> \u101c\u1031\u1000\u102c\u1021\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1011\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong>. \u1024\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1032\u101c\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1011\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1016\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Q3: ASTM D1938 \u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u101c\u1012\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1018\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000 \u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1031\u1015\u102b\u101e\u101c\u1032\u104b ASTM D1938 \u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u101c\u1012\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000 \u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1031\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1011\u1030\u1011\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong>\u1011\u1030\u1011\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1001\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong>\u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102d\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong>\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u102d\u102f\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u104f \u1021\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1021\u1019\u1030\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1001\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u100f\u1039\u100d\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 (\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a 23 \u00b1 2\u00b0C \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u102d\u102f\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f 50 \u00b1 10%) \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1006\u103d\u1032\u1001\u103d\u1032\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038<\/strong>\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a \u1002\u101b\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1001\u103d\u1032\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101b\u101c\u1012\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Q4: ASTM D1938 \u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103e \u1018\u101a\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u101c\u1032\u104b<br>ASTM D1938 \u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1032\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/strong>\u1011\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u101b\u1014\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c<\/strong>\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1021\u1016\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1011\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u101c\u103d\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1000\u1032\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u1021\u1011\u100a\u103a\u1021\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a<\/strong>\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1021\u1011\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1011\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1006\u103d\u1032\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1021\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1016\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101a\u1019\u1000\u102c<\/strong>\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u101a\u103a\u101a\u1030\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1011\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1037\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1024\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u102c\u101b\u103e\u100a\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1006\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1000\u1030\u100a\u102e\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u104d \u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1032\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a \u101b\u101a\u1030\u1015\u102b\u104b <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u101f\u102d <strong data-start=\"5823\" data-end=\"5844\">\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong> \u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c <strong data-start=\"5856\" data-end=\"5870\"><a href=\"https:\/\/store.astm.org\/d1938-19.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ASTM D1938<\/a><\/strong> \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1000\u1032\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1010\u1014\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b <strong data-start=\"5913\" data-end=\"5944\">\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u1030\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong> \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037\u1015\u102b\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u104b \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1011\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1006\u1031\u1038\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1011\u100a\u103a\u1021\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1000\u1032\u1037\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u1019\u1030\u1010\u100a\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1005\u1036\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1012\u1031\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1036\u1037\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a <strong data-start=\"6171\" data-end=\"6191\">\u1006\u1032\u101c\u103a\u1010\u1030\u101b\u102d\u101a\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong> \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102d\u101b\u102d\u101a\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101a\u102f\u1036\u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101b\u101c\u1012\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u104a \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u104f \u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1031\u1000\u102c\u104a \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1014\u1000\u103a\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u102c\u1019\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The ASTM D1938 test method is an essential standard for evaluating the tear propagation resistance of plastic films and thin sheeting. Commonly known as the trouser tear test, this method is used to measure the force required to propagate a tear in plastic materials, providing valuable insight into their durability and performance under stress. This [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":8761,"parent":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"class_list":["post-9312","applications","type-applications","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/applications\/9312","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/applications"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/applications"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8761"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9312"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u1012\u1017\u101c\u103b\u1030\u1015\u102e","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}