{"id":9874,"date":"2026-02-24T15:11:46","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:11:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/standard\/astm-d6693\/"},"modified":"2026-04-16T09:53:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T01:53:21","slug":"astm-d6693","status":"publish","type":"standard","link":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/sk\/standard\/astm-d6693\/","title":{"rendered":"ASTM D6693"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Preh\u013ead normy ASTM D6693 a jej \u00fa\u010del<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jadro normy ASTM D6693 spo\u010d\u00edva v <strong data-start=\"1468\" data-end=\"1495\">sk\u00fa\u0161ka na pred\u013a\u017eenie v \u0165ahu<\/strong>, ktor\u00fdm sa meria reakcia geomembr\u00e1ny pri jednoosovom \u0165ahovom za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed pri kontrolovanej r\u00fdchlosti. Po\u010das testovania materi\u00e1l podlieha pru\u017enej deform\u00e1cii, mo\u017en\u00e9mu poddajn\u00e9mu nam\u00e1haniu a nakoniec prasknutiu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 parametre z\u00edskan\u00e9 t\u00fdmto procesom zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p data-start=\"1764\" data-end=\"1873\"><strong data-start=\"1764\" data-end=\"1799\">Pred\u013a\u017eenie geomembr\u00e1n v \u0165ahu<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd opisuje schopnos\u0165 materi\u00e1lu deformova\u0165 sa pri nam\u00e1han\u00ed \u0165ahom.<\/p><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><p data-start=\"1764\" data-end=\"1873\"><strong data-start=\"1876\" data-end=\"1907\" style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Pred\u013a\u017eenie v \u0165ahu pri pretrhnut\u00ed<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">vyjadren\u00fd v percent\u00e1ch, ktor\u00fd ud\u00e1va, ako ve\u013emi sa vzorka roztiahne pred poru\u0161en\u00edm.<\/span><\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tieto hodnoty poskytuj\u00fa preh\u013ead o pru\u017enosti materi\u00e1lu, odolnosti proti praskaniu a vhodnosti pre aplik\u00e1cie, kde m\u00f4\u017ee doch\u00e1dza\u0165 k rozdielnemu sadaniu alebo tepeln\u00fdm pohybom. V geomembr\u00e1novom in\u017einierstve vy\u0161\u0161ie pred\u013a\u017eenie pri pretrhnut\u00ed \u010dasto s\u00favis\u00ed s lep\u0161\u00edm prerozdelen\u00edm nap\u00e4tia a odolnos\u0165ou vo\u010di po\u0161kodeniu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Materi\u00e1ly, na ktor\u00e9 sa vz\u0165ahuje norma ASTM D6693<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Norma ASTM D6693 sa vz\u0165ahuje na <strong data-start=\"2367\" data-end=\"2437\">nevystu\u017een\u00e9 polyetyl\u00e9nov\u00e9 a pru\u017en\u00e9 polypropyl\u00e9nov\u00e9 geomembr\u00e1ny<\/strong>vr\u00e1tane hladk\u00fdch a \u0161trukt\u00farovan\u00fdch povrchov. Met\u00f3da je vhodn\u00e1 pre materi\u00e1ly s hr\u00fabkou od pribli\u017ene <strong data-start=\"2557\" data-end=\"2578\">0,25 mm a\u017e 6,3 mm<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 sa vz\u0165ahuje na v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu komer\u010dne pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch geomembr\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ke\u010f\u017ee \u0165ahov\u00e9 vlastnosti sa m\u00f4\u017eu v\u00fdrazne l\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 v z\u00e1vislosti od zlo\u017eenia, hist\u00f3rie spracovania a \u0161trukt\u00fary povrchu, norma ASTM D6693 pom\u00e1ha v\u00fdrobcom a pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom porovn\u00e1va\u0165 materi\u00e1ly v kontrolovan\u00fdch laborat\u00f3rnych podmienkach pri minimaliz\u00e1cii vonkaj\u0161\u00edch premenn\u00fdch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pr\u00edprava a kondicionovanie vzoriek<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Presn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky sk\u00fa\u0161ky na pred\u013a\u017eenie v \u0165ahu z\u00e1visia vo ve\u013ekej miere od pr\u00edpravy vzorky. Norma ASTM D6693 stanovuje <strong data-start=\"3028\" data-end=\"3066\">\u0161tandardn\u00e9 vzorky v tvare \u010dinky<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00fa zabezpe\u010di\u0165 rovnomern\u00e9 rozlo\u017eenie nap\u00e4tia po\u010das za\u0165a\u017eenia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie o pr\u00edprave zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p data-start=\"3184\" data-end=\"3223\">Opatrn\u00e9 rezanie, aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo defektom hr\u00e1n<\/p><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><p data-start=\"3184\" data-end=\"3223\"><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Meranie \u0161\u00edrky a hr\u00fabky pomocou pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch met\u00f3d ASTM<\/span><\/p><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><p data-start=\"3184\" data-end=\"3223\"><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Kondicionovanie vzoriek pri definovanej teplote pred testovan\u00edm<\/span><\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pre izotropn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly plat\u00ed aspo\u0148 <strong data-start=\"3396\" data-end=\"3414\">p\u00e4\u0165 exempl\u00e1rov<\/strong> by sa mali testova\u0165. V pr\u00edpade anizotropn\u00fdch geomembr\u00e1n sa vzorky odoberaj\u00fa rovnobe\u017ene aj kolmo na hlavn\u00fd smer, aby sa zachytili smerov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky na pred\u013a\u017eenie geomembr\u00e1n v \u0165ahu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Postup sk\u00fa\u0161ky \u0165ahom a zber \u00fadajov<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po\u010das sk\u00fa\u0161ky sa vzorka umiestni do kalibrovan\u00e9ho stroja na sk\u00fa\u0161ky pevnosti v \u0165ahu a za\u0165a\u017euje sa pri kon\u0161tantnej r\u00fdchlosti kr\u00ed\u017eovej hlavy definovanej v norme ASTM D6693. Vyrovnanie vzorky je ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo jej ohnutiu alebo sk\u013aznutiu, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu skresli\u0165 \u00fadaje o pred\u013a\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V priebehu testu syst\u00e9m zaznamen\u00e1va <strong data-start=\"3970\" data-end=\"3994\">krivka za\u0165a\u017eenia a roz\u0165a\u017enosti<\/strong>, z ktor\u00fdch sa odvodzuj\u00fa hodnoty medze klzu v \u0165ahu (ak sa uplat\u0148uje), medze pevnosti pri pretrhnut\u00ed a pred\u013a\u017eenia. <strong data-start=\"4098\" data-end=\"4129\">Pred\u013a\u017eenie v \u0165ahu pri pretrhnut\u00ed<\/strong> sa vypo\u010d\u00edta pomocou posunu prie\u010dnej hlavy vzh\u013eadom na zadan\u00fa d\u013a\u017eku meradla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Modern\u00e9 \u0165ahov\u00e9 sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, ako napr. <strong data-start=\"4258\" data-end=\"4300\">Cell Instruments <a href=\"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/sk\/product\/sale-packaging-tensile-strength-tester-film\/\">Tester \u0165ahu TST-01<\/a><\/strong>, poskytuj\u00fa stabiln\u00fa regul\u00e1ciu ot\u00e1\u010dok, presn\u00e9 meranie sily a digit\u00e1lny zber \u00fadajov. Tieto mo\u017enosti podporuj\u00fa opakovate\u013en\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky sk\u00fa\u0161ok \u0165ahom v pred\u013a\u017een\u00ed a zjednodu\u0161uj\u00fa dodr\u017eiavanie po\u017eiadaviek na pod\u00e1vanie spr\u00e1v pod\u013ea normy ASTM D6693.\t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Interpret\u00e1cia a v\u00fdznam v\u00fdsledkov testov<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdsledky normy ASTM D6693 pom\u00e1haj\u00fa zainteresovan\u00fdm stran\u00e1m pochopi\u0165, ako sa geomembr\u00e1ny spr\u00e1vaj\u00fa pri nam\u00e1han\u00ed \u0165ahom. Zatia\u013e \u010do niektor\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly vykazuj\u00fa jasn\u00fd bod poddajnosti, in\u00e9 - najm\u00e4 pru\u017en\u00e9 geomembr\u00e1ny - m\u00f4\u017eu prejs\u0165 priamo k roztrhnutiu. V tak\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch sa pred\u013a\u017eenie pri pretrhnut\u00ed st\u00e1va najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edm ukazovate\u013eom \u0165a\u017enosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 si uvedomi\u0165, \u017ee v\u00fdsledky pred\u013a\u017eenia v \u0165ahu sa m\u00f4\u017eu l\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 v z\u00e1vislosti od pr\u00edpravy vzorky, r\u00fdchlosti testovania a prostredia. Preto, <strong data-start=\"5030\" data-end=\"5081\">konzistentn\u00e9 postupy a kontrolovan\u00e9 podmienky<\/strong> s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9 pri porovn\u00e1van\u00ed materi\u00e1lov alebo monitorovan\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch trendov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pre\u010do je norma ASTM D6693 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 pre kontrolu kvality<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pre v\u00fdrobcov, laborat\u00f3ri\u00e1 a vlastn\u00edkov projektov poskytuje norma ASTM D6693 spo\u013eahliv\u00fd r\u00e1mec pre:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p data-start=\"5312\" data-end=\"5347\">Monitorovanie konzistentnosti v\u00fdroby<\/p><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><p data-start=\"5312\" data-end=\"5347\"><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Overovanie zhody so \u0161pecifik\u00e1ciami materi\u00e1lu<\/span><\/p><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><p data-start=\"5312\" data-end=\"5347\"><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">V\u00fdber podporn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov pre n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie<\/span><\/p><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><p data-start=\"5312\" data-end=\"5347\"><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Vytv\u00e1ranie porovnate\u013en\u00fdch \u00fadajov o pred\u013a\u017een\u00ed v \u0165ahu na \u00fa\u010dely v\u00fdskumu a v\u00fdvoja<\/span><\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dodr\u017eiavan\u00edm tejto normy organiz\u00e1cie posil\u0148uj\u00fa postupy zabezpe\u010denia kvality a zni\u017euj\u00fa riziko pred\u010dasn\u00e9ho zlyhania geomembr\u00e1n v ter\u00e9ne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\n\t\t\t\tZ\u00e1ver\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ASTM D6693 zost\u00e1va z\u00e1kladnou normou na hodnotenie <strong data-start=\"5770\" data-end=\"5805\">geomembr\u00e1ny pred\u013a\u017eenie v \u0165ahu<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd pon\u00faka \u0161trukt\u00farovan\u00fd pr\u00edstup k sk\u00fa\u0161aniu pred\u013a\u017eenia v \u0165ahu a meraniu pred\u013a\u017eenia v \u0165ahu pri pretrhnut\u00ed. V\u010faka spr\u00e1vnej pr\u00edprave vzoriek, kontrolovan\u00fdm podmienkam testovania a presnej interpret\u00e1cii \u00fadajov m\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017e\u00edvatelia z\u00edska\u0165 cenn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie o v\u00fdkonnosti geomembr\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So spo\u013eahliv\u00fdm testovac\u00edm zariaden\u00edm, ako je napr. <strong data-start=\"6122\" data-end=\"6149\">Cell Instruments TST-01<\/strong>, m\u00f4\u017eu laborat\u00f3ri\u00e1 s istotou implementova\u0165 normu ASTM D6693, \u010d\u00edm sa zabezpe\u010dia presn\u00e9, opakovate\u013en\u00e9 a priemyselne uzn\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky \u0165ahov\u00fdch sk\u00fa\u0161ok, ktor\u00e9 podporuj\u00fa kontrolu kvality a inov\u00e1ciu materi\u00e1lov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010dasto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Na \u010do sa pou\u017e\u00edva norma ASTM D6693?<br>Norma ASTM D6693 sa pou\u017e\u00edva na stanovenie \u0165ahov\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed nevystu\u017een\u00fdch geomembr\u00e1n. Zameriava sa na pevnos\u0165 v \u0165ahu a spr\u00e1vanie sa pri pred\u013a\u017een\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm pom\u00e1ha v\u00fdrobcom a pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom hodnoti\u0165 konzistenciu materi\u00e1lu, kontrolu kvality a s\u00falad so \u0161pecifik\u00e1ciami, a nie poskytova\u0165 priame \u00fadaje o n\u00e1vrhu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. \u010co znamen\u00e1 pred\u013a\u017eenie v \u0165ahu pri pretrhnut\u00ed v geomembr\u00e1nach?<br>Pred\u013a\u017eenie v \u0165ahu pri pretrhnut\u00ed ud\u00e1va, ako ve\u013emi sa geomembr\u00e1na m\u00f4\u017ee natiahnu\u0165, k\u00fdm sa pretrhne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. Ktor\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly mo\u017eno testova\u0165 pod\u013ea normy ASTM D6693?<br>Norma sa vz\u0165ahuje na nevystu\u017een\u00e9 polyetyl\u00e9nov\u00e9 a ohybn\u00e9 nevystu\u017een\u00e9 polypropyl\u00e9nov\u00e9 geomembr\u00e1ny. Vz\u0165ahuje sa na hladk\u00e9 aj \u0161trukt\u00farovan\u00e9 geomembr\u00e1ny v rozsahu hr\u00fabky pribli\u017ene od 0,25 mm do 6,3 mm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4. Pre\u010do je pr\u00edprava vzoriek pri testovan\u00ed pod\u013ea normy ASTM D6693 rozhoduj\u00faca?<br>Pr\u00edprava vzorky priamo ovplyv\u0148uje presnos\u0165 testu. Rozdiely v kvalite rezu, hr\u00fabke, zarovnan\u00ed alebo \u00faprave m\u00f4\u017eu ovplyvni\u0165 v\u00fdsledky \u0165ahu a pred\u013a\u017eenia. Norma ASTM D6693 kladie d\u00f4raz na d\u00f4sledn\u00fa pr\u00edpravu, aby sa zabezpe\u010dili porovnate\u013en\u00e9 a opakovate\u013en\u00e9 \u00fadaje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5. Ak\u00fd typ testovacieho zariadenia je vhodn\u00fd pre <a href=\"https:\/\/store.astm.org\/d6693_d6693m-25.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">ASTM D6693<\/a>?<br>Vy\u017eaduje sa kalibrovan\u00fd stroj na sk\u00fa\u0161anie \u0165ahom so stabilnou regul\u00e1ciou r\u00fdchlosti a presn\u00fdm meran\u00edm sily. Pr\u00edstroje ako Cell Instruments TST-01 Tensile Tester s\u00fa vhodn\u00e9 pre ASTM D6693, preto\u017ee poskytuj\u00fa spo\u013eahliv\u00e9 \u00fadaje o za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed a roz\u0165a\u017enosti a podporuj\u00fa \u0161tandardizovan\u00e9 sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00e9 postupy.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Preh\u013ead a \u00fa\u010del normy ASTM D6693 Podstata normy ASTM D6693 spo\u010d\u00edva v sk\u00fa\u0161ke \u0165ahom v pred\u013a\u017een\u00ed, ktorou sa meria reakcia geomembr\u00e1ny pri jednoosovom za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed v \u0165ahu pri kontrolovanej r\u00fdchlosti. Po\u010das sk\u00fa\u0161ky doch\u00e1dza k pru\u017enej deform\u00e1cii materi\u00e1lu, mo\u017en\u00e9mu poddajnosti a nakoniec k pretrhnutiu. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 parametre z\u00edskan\u00e9 z tohto procesu zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa: Tieto hodnoty poskytuj\u00fa [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":8812,"parent":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"standard-category":[611],"class_list":["post-9874","standard","type-standard","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","standard-category-astm"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard\/9874","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/standard"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8812"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9874"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"standard-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard-category?post=9874"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}