{"id":9845,"date":"2026-02-24T15:11:45","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:11:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/standard\/astm-d4917-2\/"},"modified":"2026-03-12T10:37:47","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T02:37:47","slug":"astm-d4917","status":"publish","type":"standard","link":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/vi\/standard\/astm-d4917\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTMD4917"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea5y<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong data-start=\"1472\" data-end=\"1505\">H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t (COF)<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea5y, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1edd kh\u00e1c. <strong data-start=\"1674\" data-end=\"1688\">H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh (COF)<\/strong> x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, trong khi <strong data-start=\"1752\" data-end=\"1767\">H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc (COF)<\/strong> \u0111o l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917 cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00e9p \u0111o n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ngang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1eabu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"ast-oembed-container\" style=\"height: 100%;\"><iframe title=\"\u0110ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Iq-UFiGqF64?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m COF \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu. A <strong data-start=\"3843\" data-end=\"3877\">m\u00e1y th\u1eed t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i<\/strong>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u00e9o xe tr\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 150 \u00b1 30 mm\/ph\u00fat, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, m\u1eabu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n TAPPI T402 ho\u1eb7c ASTM D685) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e1y v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean <strong data-start=\"4191\" data-end=\"4249\">M\u00e1y \u0111o h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t Cell Instruments COF-01<\/strong>, m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ngang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917 v\u00e0 ISO 8295. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn khung tr\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111o l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u2014 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh v\u00e0 ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea5y theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng n\u1eb1m ngang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t l\u00ean tr\u00ean. M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe tr\u01b0\u1ee3t (th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t cao su) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean tr\u00ean t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y ph\u00eda tr\u00ean. Khi k\u00e9o chi\u1ebfc xe tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng (ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh) v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng (ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1i n\u00e0y <strong data-start=\"2334\" data-end=\"2368\">Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y<\/strong> V\u00e0 <strong data-start=\"2373\" data-end=\"2406\">Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y<\/strong> cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1ch t\u1edd, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u in v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed in trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917 trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t (COF) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ea5y in v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ng ph\u1ee7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c <strong data-start=\"2613\" data-end=\"2640\">Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t (COF) tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y in<\/strong> \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u01b0\u1edfng in, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi n\u1ea1p t\u1eebng t\u1edd v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1eb9t gi\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c n\u1ea1p sai. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, <strong data-start=\"2799\" data-end=\"2826\">Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t (COF) tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ng<\/strong> gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gia c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c giao h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong c\u1ea3 hai \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea1i sao n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917 thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng nghi\u00eang (nh\u01b0 ASTM D4918), v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ea3 ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh v\u00e0 ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng ngang. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u m\u00e0i m\u00f2n do tr\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea5m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 b\u00eca s\u00f3ng, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4521 ho\u1eb7c ASTM D3247 s\u1ebd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi <strong data-start=\"3557\" data-end=\"3592\">gi\u1ea5y m\u1ecfng, d\u1ebbo, kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ng<\/strong>, D4917 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i khuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1y \u0111o h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t (COF) ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb <strong data-start=\"4239\" data-end=\"4270\">D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o <a href=\"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/vi\/product\/coefficient-of-friction-testing-equipment\/\">COF-01<\/a> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed<\/strong>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ki\u1ec3m tra ngang<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110o ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh v\u00e0 ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho gi\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng minh\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c m\u00e1y th\u1eed ma s\u00e1t Cell Instruments \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ma s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh in \u1ea5n, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng. <strong data-start=\"5267\" data-end=\"5281\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTMD4917<\/strong> cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o c\u1ea3 ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh v\u00e0 ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y in kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ng ph\u1ee7. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 <strong data-start=\"5448\" data-end=\"5478\">COF-01 c\u1ee7a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/vi\/\">D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o<\/a><\/strong>, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 tin th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ec3 <strong data-start=\"5608\" data-end=\"5634\">ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"5636\" data-end=\"5655\">ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"5657\" data-end=\"5679\">gi\u1ea5y in COF<\/strong>, ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t <strong data-start=\"5698\" data-end=\"5725\">Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t (COF) tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ng<\/strong>, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a tabindex=\"0\">1. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?<\/a><br>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917 \u0111o h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 in ch\u01b0a tr\u00e1ng ph\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ngang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a tabindex=\"0\">2. T\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 ma s\u00e1t l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u1ea5y?<\/a><br>Ma s\u00e1t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y trong m\u00e1y in v\u00e0 m\u00e1y photocopy, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01a1n tru trong c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a tabindex=\"0\">3. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><br>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t t\u0129nh \u0111o l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, trong khi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111o l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a tabindex=\"0\">4. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/store.astm.org\/d4917-97r07e01.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTMD4917<\/a><a tabindex=\"0\"> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho gi\u1ea5y tr\u00e1ng ph\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea5y chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng?<\/a><br>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 in kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ng ph\u1ee7, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D4917 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y kh\u00e1c, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Understanding Coefficient of Friction in Paper Testing Coefficient of friction (COF) is a crucial parameter that reflects the resistance to motion between two surfaces. In paper applications, this value influences how one sheet slides over another. The static COF determines the force required to start the movement, while the kinetic COF measures the force needed [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":10018,"parent":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"standard-category":[],"class_list":["post-9845","standard","type-standard","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard\/9845","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/standard"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10018"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9845"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"standard-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packqc.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard-category?post=9845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}